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flying wires
The flying wires of an aircraft work in conjunction with other wing components such as spars and interplane struts to transmit flight loads. Most commonly used on biplane aircraft they are also used on monoplanes, triplanes and hot air balloons.
==Purpose==
Strictly the flying wires (or lift wires) are those that carry lifting loads whereas the landing wires support the weight of the mainplanes on the ground and as the name suggests, the inertial forces that are often encountered on landing.〔Taylor 1990, p.71.〕 Both are sets of diagonal wires within each of the bays defined by the interplane struts. Lift forces distort each bay upwards on its outer edge so the diagonal that runs outwards from bottom to top planes increases in length; thus the flying wires that resist this distortion run along this diagonal and the landing wires along the other.〔Kumar 2005〕
Flying wires also serve to maintain dihedral and angle of incidence by lengthening or shortening individual wires using turnbuckles or threaded end fittings. The initial setting or in-service adjustment of these angles, usually with the help of a clinometer and plumb-bob, is known as 'rigging'.〔Halliwell 1919, p.107.〕 The wires may be lengths of simple stranded cable, aerofoil sectioned steel or piano wire. Thinner wires found between the interplane struts are known as incidence wires.〔de Havilland, p.13.〕
On hot air balloons the flying wires are used to connect the envelope to the basket, with each vertical load tape in the envelope being connected to a multi-strand cable. The cable is formed into loops at each end via swaging with the top loop being attached to the bottom of the load tape and the bottom loop being threaded onto a carabiner. The carabiners are then used to connect the flying wires to the basket.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cameron Hot Air Balloon Flight Manual (refer to section 4.2.4) )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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